Ectopic expression of murine CD163 enables cell-culture isolation of lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus 63 years after its discovery.

IMPORTANCE: Mouse models of viral infection play an especially large role in virology. In 1960, a mouse virus, lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus (LDV), was discovered and found to have the peculiar ability to evade clearance by the immune system, enabling it to persistently infect an individual mouse for its entire lifespan without causing overt disease. However, researchers were unable to grow LDV in culture, ultimately resulting in the demise of this system as a model of failed immunity. We solve this problem by identifying the cell-surface molecule CD163 as the critical missing component in cell-culture systems, enabling the growth of LDV in immortalized cell lines for the first time. This advance creates abundant opportunities for further characterizing LDV in order to study both failed immunity and the family of viruses to which LDV belongs, Arteriviridae (aka, arteriviruses).

Variantes colgajo dorsal ancho en reconstrucción mamaria / Dorsal flap variants width in reconstruction mammary

Introducción. El colgajo dorsal ancho es un método efectivo para reconstrucción mamaria tanto en forma inmediata como tardía. Diversas variantes pueden realizarse en cuanto al diseño y elevación del colgajo dorsal. El propósito del siguiente trabajo es presentar nuestra experiencia con la utilización del colgajo dorsal y sus variantes. Métodos. Se presenta un estudio retrospectivo de 87 casos en los que se realizó reconstrucción mamaria con colgajo dorsal en el período comprendido entre abril de 2011 y diciembre de 2013. De los casos presentados, en 75 (86%) la reconstrucción mamaria fue inmediata. En 45 casos (51%) se utilizó el colgajo dorsal miocutáneo reducido, en 14 (16%) se utilizó el colgajo dorsal miocutáneo con expansor tisular, en 14 (16%) se utilizó colgajo dorsal miocutáneo extendido, en 4 (5%) se utilizó el colgajo dorsal perforante, en 7 (8%) se utilizó colgajo dorsal ancho libre contralateral y en 3 (4%) se utilizó colgajo dorsal asociado a otro colgajo libre. Resultados. Se realizaron 87 casos en 81 pacientes (en 6 pacientes de manera bilateral). La vitalidad del colgajo fue completa en 85 casos. La complicación mayor, sufrimiento distal del colgajo, se presentó en 2 casos y en ambos el colgajo fue extendido. Complicaciones menores: seroma en 30 casos (34 %), celulitis en 6 casos (7%), dehiscencia de la cicatriz en 3 casos (4%) y secuela cicatriz hipertrófi ca en 14 casos (16%). Conclusiones. El colgajo dorsal ancho miocutáneo permite un aporte de tejido vascularizado en casos de défi cit cutáneo en la región anterior de tórax. Por otro lado, permite una combinación de variantes adecuada a cada caso.

Introduction. The wide dorsal fl ap is an eff ective method for breast reconstruction immediately so as late. Diff erent variants can be made in the design and dorsal fl ap elevation. The purpose of this paper is to present our experience with the use of the dorsal fl ap and its variants. Methods. A retrospective study of 87 cases in which breast reconstruction was performed with dorsal fl ap in the period between April 2011 and December 2013. Of the cases presented, in 75 (86%) was immediate breast reconstruction is presented. The small dorsal myocutaneous fl ap in 14 (16%) used the dorsal myocutaneous fl ap tissue expander was used in 45 cases (51%), in 14 (16%) was used fl ap extended dorsal myocutaneous in 4 (5%) perforating dorsal fl ap was used in 7 (8%) it was used fl ap contralateral dorsal clear width and 3 (4%) dorsal fl ap associated with another free fl ap was used. Results. 87 cases were performed in 81 patients (6 patients bilaterally). The vitality of the fl ap was complete in 85 cases. The major complication, suff ering distal fl ap, was presented in 2 cases and both the fl ap was extended. Minor complications: seroma in 30 cases (34%), cellulitis in 6 cases (7%), scar dehiscence in 3 cases (4%) and hipertrofi c scars in 14 cases (16%). Conclusions. The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous fl ap allows a contribution of vascularized tissue in cases of cutaneous defect in the anterior chest. On the other hand, allows a combination of suitable variants for each case.